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Fabricio P. Moraes
Instituto de Energia Elétrica, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís
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Hércules A. Oliveira
Instituto de Energia Elétrica, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís
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Clóvis B. Mendonça Oliveira
Instituto de Energia Elétrica, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís
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Jóse G. de Matos
Instituto de Energia Elétrica, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís
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Osvaldo R. Saavedra
Instituto de Energia Elétrica, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís
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Luiz Antonio De S. Ribeiro
Instituto de Energia Elétrica, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís
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Alexandre C. Oliveira
Centro de Engenharia Elétrica e Informática, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande
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Pedro B. L. Neto
Coordenação de Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Balsas
Keywords:
mission critical microgrid, distributed generation, renewable energy
Abstract
Mission-critical microgrids present themselves as an opportunity to add resilience and reliability to critical processes, characterized by strict requirements for energy continuity, achieving a strategic connotation for different civil and military sectors. In this context, this article reviews the concepts, classifications, modes of operation, and management of a microgrid, emphasizing critical microgrids. The work also includes cases focused on this application, including the conceptual scope of the circuit and management strategies of a microgrid under implementation in a Brazilian aerospace launch center. Based on this experience and on what has been reported from other microgrids already implemented, the main challenges and particularities involved in the installation and operation of microgrids are addressed, especially those related to the aspects of selectivity, coordination, and resilience of the electrical protection system of the microgrid, also observing criteria of economic and energy optimality.
