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Amanda T. R. Fernandes
Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, SP
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Miguel C. R. Peinado
School of Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo
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Maria R. D. Martin
Department of Economics and Management, University of Brescia, Brescia
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Rodrigo A. Ramos
Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, SP
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Ahda P. G. Pavani
Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal do ABC, SP
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Natali V. C. Gonçalves
Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, SP
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Werbeston D. Oliveira
Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal do Amapá, AP
Keywords:
Energy Generating Schedule, Plug-in Electric Vehicles, Primary Frequency Regulation, Renewable Energy Source
Abstract
The insertion of renewable energy sources (RES) in power systems causes a decrease in the system’s equivalent inertia, which may result in the instability of the power system. On the other hand, energy storage systems have proven to be an effective tool to increase the flexibility in the operation of energy systems, which may favor integrating RES. In this way, plug-in electric vehicle (PEVs) batteries can be used as storages when such vehicles are parked and connected to the grid. In this work, the contribution of PEVs to primary frequency response (PFR) is analyzed in systems dominated by RES. A day-ahead scheduling model is developed considering PEVs groups can actively participate in electricity markets, supporting day-ahead reserve capacity and providing PFR. The proposed model is implemented in the distribution system of the Federal University of Amapá.
