Monitoramento de Transformador de Baixa Potência Baseado em Internet das Coisas e Gêmeos Digitais

Abstract

In this work it is proposed to improve, using the internet of things, a monitoring system based on a digital twin of a low power transformer. A new data acquisition and sending system was developed to communicate with an online database, as well as adding environmental conditions as new inputs in simulations and protection measures performed remotely. To perform the tests a sensor/actuator module was developed to send the data of ambient humidity, ambient temperature, transformer’s current and voltage. All this data was digitized, pre-processed, and forwarded to the simulator, by means of the internet of things. Thus, even though they are physically separated, they exchange information over the internet of things data that was used by the simulation’s module, in which it runs the simulation of the digital twin. In this way, thermal simulations were performed, and, from the interpretation of the results, action commands can be executed to protect the equipment from overload. To validate the results, a thermographic camera was used, measuring the temperature of the transformer in operation. Two points on the equipment were chosen for temperature analysis, one on the winding and one on the core. In the better experience, the mean absolute error between what was measured and what was calculated came 6.18% at the first point and 3.93% at the second point. The improvement of the technique to estimate the transformer temperature with the use of the internet of things, showed the feasibility of this technology with the temperature tests and the system runtime.