Análise do efeito da utilização de controles volt-var e volt-watt em redes de distribuição de energia elétrica com geração distribuída

Abstract

Distributed generation (DG), particularly solar photovoltaic, has grown significantly in Brazil, from having no representation in the internal energy supply in 2012 to accounting for 4.4% in 2022. While this growth is positive for energy diversification, it also presents operational challenges, such as the need for infrastructure improvements and adaptations in protection and control systems. The expansion of DG has introduced challenges for the operation of electrical systems, including voltage rise and power flow reversal. This study proposes the use of intelligent controls in photovoltaic inverters, specifically volt-watt and volt-var, to mitigate these issues, allowing for more efficient DG integration into the grid. Distributed generation, especially with volt-var control, can be an effective tool for voltage regulation, offering a rapid and localized response to voltage fluctuations. Although volt-watt control helps in reducing voltage overshoots, it can be highly restrictive for consumers, significantly impacting the financial return on investment.