PV plant, power flow, smooth formulation, control limits
Abstract
Grid connected photovoltaic (PV) plant models for power flow analysis are studied in this paper. These models are integrated into power flow equations forming a generalized power flow problem which is solved by the Newton-Raphson (NR) algorithm. The complementary approach and the smooth formulation are used to include operation and control limits of PV plants in the power flow formulation, avoiding limit checking and switching in the classical power flow models. In this paper, both proposals are implemented and compared in terms of convergence and numerical results.
