Mixed Integer Linear Programming in Modeling Hybrid System for Green Hydrogen and Electricity Trade

Abstract

Ceará is a state from Northeast of Brazil that has 2.57 GW of installed wind power and 1.55 GW of solar photovoltaic generation. In addition, there are 2.8 GW of wind power contracted, under construction or planning to start a few months. There are about 64.9 GW planned for offshore wind farms running to obtaining an environmental license. Ongoing solar energy projects record an increase of 16.73 GW that are in the construction phase. With this infrastructure, Ceará emerges as a promising producer of green hydrogen (H2V), benefiting from both the availability of renewable energy and its favorable geographic position to establish maritime routes with potential customers, especially in the United States and Europe. In this way, an optimization model based on Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) is proposed to determine the optimal allocation of energy resources, considering grid-connected solar photovoltaic generation, H2V production by water electrolysis and energy storage. The objective is to maximize energy efficiency, taking into account market values and process variables, to decide producing H2V or selling energy.