Análise espacial do potencial técnico da energia solar fotovoltaica para o fornecimento da demanda de estações de recarga públicas de veículos elétricos em zonas urbanas

Abstract

Several sustainable development projects have recently installed photovoltaic systems close to electric vehicle charging stations to meet the demand for recharging electric vehicle batteries. However, implementing such projects presents some technical challenges in urban areas with vertical growth due to the shading in photovoltaic systems during charging times for this class of vehicles. This work presents a methodology to assist in analyzing the technical potential of photovoltaic solar energy that meets the demand for public charging stations for electric vehicles, considering such shading. This methodology is made up of two modules that consider the technical aspects present in the use of photovoltaic solar resources, helping to identify the areas available for installing panels based on geo-referenced data and considering the reduction of this area due to the projected shadows of buildings that are found in their surroundings. The output from the execution of the methodology is a spatial database that shows the available technical potential of rooftop solar photovoltaic energy to meet the demand for public charging stations for electric vehicles. The methodology was applied using information from the city of Santo André, São Paulo – Brazil, which presents vertical urban growth, reducing the use of photovoltaic solar energy on rooftops. The results of this application show that despite shading during the winter and summer solstice, a photovoltaic generator can meet the demands of public charging stations at different times of typical operating days. This result can help agents involved in the development of electric mobility and the use of solar resources.