Microrredes: o conceito através da história, incentivos e o mercado brasileiro

Abstract

In recent years, microgrids have been presented as a way to modernize the electrical network little by little, due to its intelligent control and its decentralized nature, which can be inserted in parts in the electrical system. Its use is capable of increasing system reliability and flexibility, boosting sustainability, among several benefits. The microgrid concept is not so recent, and has also been modernized little by little over time. Several factors influenced this evolution, either driving or stopping this process. Moments in history, as well as the development of new technologies, were important in the biography of these electrical systems. The history of microgrids, however, did not followed a linear path. In each country, its dissemination and growth followed different historical paths, mainly due to incentives and legislation on the subject or technologies linked to microgrids. This implies different obstacles and challenges in each country. In Brazil, despite the enormous potential for the application of microgrids, regulatory challenges are a major obstacle in their dissemination. Understanding how microgrids arrived at the current concept is important to understand why they are not yet widespread, being more applied in theorical works and in laboratories. This work presents the history of the microgrids, focusing on the evolution of its concept over time, incentives and regulatory and technical challenges in Brazil for the expansion of microgrids.