Estimativa de redução de emissão de CO2 pela inserção de UFV para cidades isoladas na Amazônia

Abstract

Most of the cities isolated from the national interconnected electrical grid are located in the brazilian Northern Region, and are mainly supplied by thermal power generation, despite representing the main contribution of the electricity sector to greenhouse gas emissions. the isolation occurs mainly because of environmental issues and financial constraints. In Acre, six thermal units supply three isolated cities, with a total installed capacity of 48,34 MW. Due to the potential for renewable energy generation and the high solar irradiance at the sites, the potential for photovoltaic generation in the municipalities of Cruzeiro do Sul, Feijó and Tarauacá was studied considering their respective load curves and solarimetric data of the region, which were provided by stations close to the locations, using the RadiaSol 2 software. Generation systems were proposed for each municipality considering 400W panels, varying the photovoltaic penetration rate with 100%, 75% and 50%. Computer simulations were used to estimate the environmental benefits of the possible replacement of the energy source was estimated based on the reduction of CO2 emissions calculated with the bottom-up method. The quantity and total area of the panels and the cost of implementation were also estimated. The carbon dioxide emissions of the photovoltaic power generation were much lower than those of thermal power generation with diesel fuel. They decreased between 94% and 47% compared to thermal power generation in the three cities. Despite the high costs photovoltaic plants, the investment in hybrid power generation systems is justified by the environmental benefits.